충북연구원

본 연구는 세계화와 지방화의 물결 속에 지방자치단체의 중요한 관심사가 된 외국인직접투자를 연구대상으로 하여 외국인직접투자의 결정요인과 외국인직접투자가 지역경제에 미치는 파급효과를 분석하였다.

외국인직접투자는 외국자본을 안정적으로 도입하여 지역경제를 활성화 하는 수단으로 뿐만 아니라 해외 첨단기술과 선진경영기법을 습득함으로써 지역 산업고도화를 이루는데 기여하고 토착기업들의 경쟁유발을 통한 생산성을 높일 수 있는 수단이다. 또한 지방정부의 세수증대, 고용창출에 의한 지역경제안정화 효과를 얻을 수 있다.

외국인 투자현황을 보면 전국적으로 1970년대 14억불에서 2000년대 713억불로 51배 증가하였지만 수도권에 집중 되었으며 충북의 경우 2000년대 외국인 투자금액은 전국대비 2.8%로 투자건수 1.2%에 비하여 다소 높아 소수의 대규모 외국인 투자가 이루어졌음을 알 수 있다. 2000년대 충북의 외국인투자금액이 전국대비 2.8%로 충북 지역총생산(GRDP) 비중 3.2% 보다 낮아 지역 경제규모에 비하여 외국인 투자유치가 낮은 것을 알 수 있다.

본 연구의 외국인투자 결정요인에 대한 FMOLS분석 결과 임금, 수출, 광고집약도, R&D집약도는 99%, 실질GDP는 95% 신뢰수준에서 유의하게 나타나 유의성이 매우 높고, 추정된 공적분 벡터의 부호 역시 이론적 관계와 일치하였다.

구체적으로 보면 시장규모와 외국인직접투자는 정의 관계를 가지며 산업별로는 식품, 섬유직물, 운송업의 계수값이 정으로 추정되어 시장규모 확대는 외국인 직접투자 증가 요인임을 알 수 있다. 임금 계수값은 -3.89로 추정되어 임금수준이 높아질수록 생산비용이 높아져 임금은 외국인 직접투자의 감소요인으로 작용한다.

수출은 계수값이 2.76으로 추정되어 외국기업의 국내직접투자의 중요한 원인이 우리나라 산업의 비교우위 원천 획득에 있음을 알 수 있다. 산업특성에 따른 차이를 보면 수출이 빠른 속도로 증가한 전기전자산업의 계수값은 21.4로 추정된 반면 섬유직물산업 등 수출경쟁력이 악화되는 산업은 부(-)의 값을 가지는 것으로 추정되었다.

광고요인은 광고집약도가 높아질수록 외국인 투자는 감소하는 것으로 분석되었다. 이는 광고가 증가 할수록 제품차별화와 인지도 측면에서 국내기업의 기득권이 높아지기 때문에 광고가 활성화 된 산업에서는 광고가 외국인들의 직접투자에 진입장벽 역할을 하는 것으로 판단된다.

연구개발 계수값이 3.53으로 추정된 것은 기술파급효과로 산업전반의 시너지효과가 충분하기 때문에 연구개발이 높은 산업에 외국인투자가 집중되며 영업이익율은 통계적 유의성이 낮지만 추정된 계수의 부호가 이론과 일치하는 정으로 추정되어 영업이익률이 높을수록 외국인 투자가 많이 이루어졌다.

외국인 직접투자의 지역경제 파급효과 분석을 위해서 거시계량모형을 설정하여 추정한 결과 외국인투자 10%p 증가는 충북 GRDP성장률을 향후 5년동안 연평균 0.05%p 만큼 상승시킬 뿐만 아니라 충북전체 취업자수를 1차년도 0.01%에서 5차년도 0.07%까지 꾸준히 증가시키게 되어 5년 평균 0.05%의 신규 고용을 유발 할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

즉 외국인 직접투자의 10%p추가 유치는 향후 5년간 충북 GRDP 25조의 0.05%인 1,250억씩 매년 증가 시킬 수 있다. 또한 충북고용인구 43만9천명의 0.01%인 439명이 1차 년도에 신규고용이 유발되며 5차 년도에는 3,073명의 신규고용이 창출 되고 5년간 연평균 2,195명씩 신규일자리가 창출될 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

* 자세한 목차는 업데이트 예정

충북지역 수출중소기업의 환리스크 관리 방안

* 자세한 연구요약과 목차는 업데이트 예정

[연구개요]

충북의 농축산물을 수출하는 업체 현황과 지원 실태를 조사하여 농축산물 수출의 촉진과 확대를 위한 방안을 제시하는데 목적을 두었다.

[연구내용 요약]

충청북도에 소재한 농축산물 수출 업체들은 대체로 최근에 설립된 회사들이 많았으며, 매출액은 1~50억원, 그리고 종업원 수는 1~20명이 대부분이었다. 주요 수출품은 대부분 농산가공품이며 품목별로는 고춧가루가 가장 많았다. 수출액은 1000만달러 이하가 대부분이며 직접수출이 많았다. 2008년 수출 여건을 전년과 비교하였을 때 다소 호전되었다고 느끼는 업체들이 많았는데, 마케팅 활동 강화에 의한 것이라고 하였다. 한편 수출이 악화되었다고 느끼는 업체들은 원료 가격 상승을 그 이유로 제시하였다. 수출할 때 최대 애로사항은 신규 바이어 발굴이라고 하였다.수출 방식은 직수출, 직수출+로컬수출이 가장 많았는데 로컬수출만 하는 경우에도 해외거래처만 확보된다면 직수출을 하겠다는 응답이 많았다. 신규 바이어를 확보할 수만 있다면 직수출의 비율이 더욱 높아질 것으로 예상된다. 농축산물의 주요 수출국은 미국, 일본, 동남아, 중국의 순이었으며, 바이어는 현지인과 해외동포가 비슷한 비중을 차지하고 있다. 향후 농축산물 수출에 있어서 주요 경쟁국은 중국을 가장 많이 뽑았다.

[정책건의]

농축산물 수출에는 국내 수급 상황, 농업생산비, 운송 및 저장 등 물류시스템, 환율 변화 수출통관 절차, 해외마케팅 등 여러 단계에서 애로요인이 많으므로 단계별로 지원방안을 수립할 필요가 있다.

[연구개요]  

본 연구의 목적은 청주국제공항을 특화물류전문 공항으로의 역할 재정립 방안을 모색하는데 있다.

누구나 아는 바와 같이 충북은 국제항구가 없는 도이다. 따라서 수출 물류의 99.6%가 해상운송에

의존하고 있는 현실을 고려한다면, 충북은 수출경쟁력 측면에서 결코 유리하지 않다.

그러나, 충북의 수출구조를 분석해보면 최근 들어 IT업종이 주류를 이루고 있다는 특징을 가진다.

이러한 특징으로 인해 충북은 육상운송의 경우 도로운송 의존율이 매우 높으며, 항만 역시

부산컨테이너항에 대한 의존율이 매우 큰 실정이다. 현실적으로 단기간에 이러한 총체적 편중성의

문제를 해결할 수 있는 묘책이 존재하지 않는다. 이는 이러한 문제가 지역의 입지상,

산업구조상 충북도가 가지는 특성에서 기인하는 것이기 때문이다. 따라서 이들

문제를 해결하기 위해서는 여러 가지 측면이 동시에 고려되어야 한다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는

충북의 물류 현황 분석과 향후 방향성을 종합적으로 예측하기 위한 방안으로 충북물류 종합계획의 수립을 제안한다.

이를 통하여 관련 계획의 총체적 검토와 함께 중장기적 대안 수립의 기반을 마련하여야 한다.

 

Ⅰ. 서론

Ⅱ. 이론적 검토

Ⅲ. 전자무역 추진현황 및 관련 정책

Ⅳ. 실증분석

Ⅴ. 정책적 제언

Ⅵ. 결론

Ⅰ. 서론

Ⅱ. 전가도의 결정요인고찰

Ⅲ. 실증분석 모형의 설정및 자료의 성격

Ⅳ. 전가효과의 실증 분석

Ⅴ. 요약 및 결론

Ⅰ. 서론

Ⅱ. 농축산물의 수출,입 현황

Ⅲ. 농축산물의 해외 유통과 관련 제도

Ⅳ. 농축산물의 수출 확대 방안

Ⅴ. 요약 및 결론

Ⅰ문제의 제기

Ⅱ선행연구 및 관련 현황 검토

Ⅲ충북 수출입 물류 프로세스 분석

Ⅳ충북 수출입 물류업체 실태 조사

Ⅴ시사점 및 향후 과제

제Ⅰ장 서론 ······················································································1

1. 연구 배경 및 목적 ·····················································································1

2. 연구 범위 및 방법 ·····················································································4

제Ⅱ장 선행연구 및 관련 동향 분석 ·····················································6

1. 선행연구 ······································································································6

2. 중소기업 관련 동향 ··················································································10

3. 주요국 관련 정책 분석 ············································································11

  1) 미국 ·······································································································11

  2) EU ········································································································15

  3) 독일 ·······································································································17

  4) 일본 ·······································································································18

  5) 중국 ·······································································································20

  6) 러시아 ···································································································24

  7) 시사점 ···································································································26

4. 국내 관련 정책 분석 ················································································29

  1) 연혁 ·······································································································29

  2) 주요 정책 ······························································································30

  3) 충청북도 관련 정책 ··············································································39

  4) 시사점 ···································································································45

제Ⅲ장 충북 현황 분석 ········································································48

1. 도내 제조업 동향 ·····················································································48

  1) 도내 제조업체 동향 ··············································································48

  2) 충북의 산업구조 ···················································································51

  3) 기초 지자체별 동향 ··············································································54

2. 도내 무역 관련 동향 ················································································56

  1) 수출입 동향 ··························································································56

  2) 해외투자 ································································································65

3. 시사점 ·······································································································74

제Ⅳ장 충북 제조업 수출기업화 관련 실태조사 ·································76

1. 조사개요 ····································································································76

2. 조사결과 분석 ···························································································80

  1) 글로벌시장 진출 여부 ··········································································80

  2) 해외시장 진출 계획·방법·대상국 ·························································89

  3) 해외시장 진출 애로요인 ·······································································92

  4) 해외시장 진출시 지원기관 및 지원제도 활용현황 ······························94

  5) 글로벌 시장 진출시 지원기관 서비스 ·················································98

  6) 글로벌 업무 전담인력 ········································································101

  7) 글로벌 시장 진출을 위한 기술혁신 필요성 ······································105

  8) 글로벌시장 진출을 위한 교육 필요성 ···············································108

3. 시사점 ·····································································································115

제Ⅴ장 결론: 정책적 제언 ·································································119

1. 중소기업 해외진출 지원정책의 전략적 방향 ·········································119

2. 중소기업 해외진출 지원정책 개선방안 ··················································121

  1) 중소기업 해외진출 지원체계 개선 및 지원정책 위상 강화 ·············121

  2) 수출기업의 외연 확대 ········································································122

  3) 산업･기업별 지원프로그램 강화 ························································123

  4) 진출 대상지역 다각화에 대응 ···························································125

  5) 기타 ····································································································126

참고문헌 ························································································129

부록 ·······························································································134