충북연구원

◯ 저출산·고령화로 인구구조가 급격히 재편되면서, 식료품에 대한 소비 패턴이 변하였고, 이에 따라 전통적인 오프라인 식료품점의 수가 감소하고 있음
◯ 식료품점은 지역 주민의 식생활을 지탱하는 핵심 인프라이자 고령층·디지털 취약계층의 생활 필수 기반이기 때문에 존속될 필요가 있으며, 소상공인 경제 활성화를 위해서도 지역 내에서 유지될 필요가 있음
◯ 이에 본 연구는 공공데이터를 활용해 충북 내 식료품점의 현황과 인구구조와의 상관관계를 분석하고, 인구구조 변화에 대응한 식료품점 활성화 방안을 제안하고자 함
◯ 주요 현황
- 충북의 65세 이상 고령 인구는 2025년 21.9%로 전국 평균을 상회하며, 2인 이하 가구 비중은 전체 가구의 약 66%를 차지하고 있음
- 대부분 식료품점은 연매출 5천만 원 미만의 영세 자영업체로 구성되어 있으며, 사업체 수와 영업이익 모두 감소추세를 보이고 있음
◯ 분석 결과
- 유소년 인구 비율이 높을수록 가족 단위 소비 수요가 증가하여 전문식료품점, 슈퍼마켓, 편의점 수 모두 많은 것으로 나타남
- 생산 가능 인구가 많을수록 전문식료품점과 슈퍼마켓 수는 적고 편의점 수는 많은 경향을 보였으며, 고령 인구 비율이 높은 지역일수록 전문식료품점과 슈퍼마켓 수는 많고 편의점 수는 적은 것으로 나타남
- 2인 이하 가구 비율과 시도 간 순이동 비율은 소규모·근거리 장보기 수요와 유동 인구 증가로 인해 모든 식료품점 유형에 긍정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 나타남
- 반면, 소득의 영향은 뚜렷하지 않았으며, 아파트 거주 비율이 높을수록 대체 유통채널의 이용 증가와 전통시장 감소로 인해 전문식료품점과 슈퍼마켓 수는 줄어드는 경향을 보임
◯ 정책제언
- 충북은 도시와 농촌이 공존하는 구조로, 지역별 인구·소득·생활환경을 고려한 맞춤형 유통 정책 설계가 필요함
∙ 청주·충주·진천 등은 젊은 층과 고소득층 비중이 높아, 공공배달앱 입점, 모바일 주문, 프리미엄 상품 기획 등 디지털 기반 유통전략 강화가 요구됨
∙ 읍·면 지역은 식료품점이 부족하므로, 수요응답형 교통서비스 이용을 위한 제도 개선을 통해 교통 취약계층에 대한 지원을 확대할 필요가 있음
∙ 보은·옥천·괴산 등 고령화 지역은 건강식품 중심의 상품 구성, 소포장 식품 확대, 소매점 운영 지원 등이 요구됨
- 지역별 소비패턴과 유통 특성을 반영한 데이터 기반 정책 추진과 스마트 기술 도입 확대가 필요함
- 전통시장과 소상공인의 경쟁력 강화를 위한 지원도 필수적임
∙ 전통시장은 셔틀버스, 매대 개선, 온라인 판매 채널 확보 등으로 접근성과 수요층 다변화가 필요하며, 소상공인 대상 디지털 마케팅, 배달 운영, 고객 관리 등 실무 중심 교육과 맞춤형 경영 컨설팅도 확충할 필요가 있음
- 식품 접근성 확대를 위해 이동장터 정기 운영 및 마을 공동구매 모델을 제안함
∙ 농림부의 ‘가가호호 농촌 이동장터’ 사업이 확장될 수 있도록 시·군 또는 도 차원에서 행정·재정 지원과 참여 독려가 필요함
∙ 마을 공동구매 모델을 고령층을 위한 주문 서비스와 결합할 수 있도록 「농촌 공동체 서비스 활성화법」을 적극 활용할 필요가 있음
- 편의점을 신선식품 유통 거점으로 활용할 수 있도록 인구감소 지역의 신선식품 특화 편의점에 대해 초기 투자비, 설비 개선 등을 지원할 필요가 있음

Ⅰ. 서 론 ················································································································1

1. 연구 배경 및 목적 ··············································································································3

2. 연구범위 및 방법 ················································································································7

Ⅱ. 식료품점의 개념 및 분류 ················································································9

1. 식료품점의 정의 ···············································································································11

2. 업종분류 ··························································································································12

Ⅲ. 인구구조 변화와 영향 ····················································································23

1. 전국의 인구구조 변화 ······································································································25

2. 충북의 인구구조 변화 ······································································································30

3. 인구구조 변화가 식료품점에 미치는 영향 ······································································34

Ⅳ. 국내외 식료품점 현황 및 정책 사례 ····························································37

1. 해외 식료품점 현황 ··········································································································39

2. 국내 식료품점 동향 ··········································································································45

3. 관련 정부 정책 및 제도 비교 ·························································································62

Ⅴ. 충북 식료품점 현황 및 인구구조에 따른 수요 분석 ···································67

1. 충북 경제 및 산업 구조 개요 ·························································································69

2. 충북 식료품점 현황 ········································································································73

3. 충북 인구구조 변화가 식료품점 수요에 미친 영향 ························································92

Ⅵ. 정책제언 ·······································································································105

참고문헌 ··············································································································113

Abstract ·············································································································115

■ 연구목적
◯ 본 연구는 충북 서비스산업 발전 및 산업구조의 균형성장 달성을 위한 서비스 R&D 활성화의 중요성을 강조
◯ 이를 통해 지역 제조업을 고도화 할 수 있는 고부가가치 서비스업 육성과 지역 생활밀착형 서비스업의 역량 강화(디지털 전환, 새로운 비즈니스 창출 등)를 추진하기 위한 기초조사 및 정책적 시사점을 제공하고자 하는 목적
■ 서비스 R&D 정의 및 국내외 정책 동향
◯ 서비스 R&D의 산업적 정의는 단순히 기존 서비스의 개선이나 효율화에 그치지 않고, 신산업 창출과 고도화 및 새로운 성장동력을 지역 및 국가 차원에서 적극적으로 발굴·육성하는 것에 중점
◯ 한국표준산업분류코드(KSIC) 등 공식 분류체계를 통해 서비스 R&D 기반의 서비스산업 분류를 체계화하는데 목적이 있으며, 이를 통해 정책대상·지원범위 설정, 산업통계 관리 효율화 및 지역 간 비교분석 가능
◯ 본 연구에서는 ‘ICT·AI·콘텐츠 서비스’, ‘연구개발·지원 서비스’, ‘비즈니스 혁신지원 서비스’, ‘물류·유통 서비스’, ‘사회 인프라 서비스’ 및 ‘생활·문화·관광 서비스’ 등 서비스산업을 6대 업종으로 분류
◯ 미국, EU, 독일, 일본, 중국 등 주요국은 서비스 R&D를 경제 혁신의 핵심으로 인식하고 디지털 전환 기반 실증, 공공-민간 협력 생태계 조성을 추진
◯ 국내 서비스 R&D의 정책 동향은 2007년 이후 지식서비스, 제조-서비스 융합, 생활·문화·복지 등 다양한 분야로 지원 영역이 빠르게 확장되고 있으며, 2020년대 들어서는 디지털 전환, 비대면, 데이터 기반 서비스 혁신 및 현장실증, 생산성 향상 등 국민 체감형 서비스에 초점
■ 충북 지역경제·산업 및 서비스산업 여건 분석
◯ 충북은 전국 대비 제조업 비중이 크고 서비스업 비중이 낮으므로 경제 및 산업구조의 다양성과 균형성이 부족하며 글로벌 공급망 변화 및 내수 경기 둔화 등에 취약한 구조
◯ 특히, 높은 생산소득에 비해 분배소득과 민간소비 수준이 현저히 낮으므로 지역 내 소득의 역외유출 현상이 심화되고 있는 상황
◯ 충북 서비스산업의 사업체수 및 종사자수의 전국비중은 각각 3.0% 및 2.7% 수준으로 다소 낮은 수준
◯ 서비스산업의 6대 업종별 분포 현황으로는 사업체수 및 종사자수 모두에서 ‘물류·유통 서비스’ 가장 높은 비중을 차지하고 있으며 전국 평균과 유사한 수준이나, 서비스 R&D를 수행하는 공급기업이 분포하고 있는 ‘ICT·AI·콘텐츠 서비스’ 및 ‘연구개발·지원 서비스’는 상대적으로 낮은 수준
◯ 충북 서비스산업은 6대 업종별로 다소 차이가 있으나, 일반적으로 부가가치가 점차 낮아지고 경쟁력이 부족해지는 상황이며, 산업특화도 및 집적도의 경우도 상대적으로 낮은 수준으로 주로 “저특화-저집적군”에 해당
- 충북 서비스산업의 산업특화도 및 집적도는 6대 업종별로 다소 차이가 있으나, 여전히 모든 업종에서 “저특화-저집적군”에 속함.
■ 충북 서비스기업 혁신조사 및 지역사례 분석
◯ 혁신전략이 기업 혁신성과에 미치는 영향은 ‘수도권’이 가장 높고, ‘비수도권’은 ‘충청권’보다 낮으며, 이는 수도권이 혁신전략의 중요성을 가장 높이 인식하며, ‘충청권’은 지리적으로 수도권과 인접한 특성에 기인
◯ 혁신개발 주체의 경우, 전국적으로 80.5%가 자체개발을 통해 혁신을 추진하고 있으며 다른 권역에서도 동일한 현상으로 보이나, ‘충청권’은 “공동개발·라이선스구입 또는 외주위탁” 등 외부 의존 경향이 전국 평균보다 높은 수준
◯ R&D 수행 주체와 협력은 권역별로 90% 이상이 내부 R&D를 수행하는 것으로 나타났으며, 혁신 협력 파트너십은 전체적으로 자사 및 계열사 중심이나, 수도권은 대학, 연구소 및 정부부처 등 외부와의 협력이 상대적으로 활발 수준
◯ 혁신 저해하는 요인으로는, 불확실성 및 과도한 경쟁 등 시장요인(35.3%)이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났으나, 자금문제 및 기업역량 부족도 유사한 수준
◯ 정부의 혁신지원정책은 금전적 지원(조세지원, 자금지원, 금융지원 등)과 비금전적 지원(인력, 기술, 인증지원 등)으로 구분되며, 서비스기업의 응답률은 금전적 지원에 다소 높은 것으로 나타났으며, ‘수도권’은 상대적으로 비금전적 지원의 활용도가 ‘비수도권’에 비해 높은 수준
◯ 디지털 전환(DX) 기술의 실제 기업 도입 비율은 전국 평균이 18.3%로 낮은 수준이며, ‘수도권’이 비수도권보다 상대적으로 높은 수준
- DX와 관련하여 서비스기업이 요구하는 정부지원 정책은 “DX 관련 정보 제공”이 30.8%로 가장 큰 비중을 차지하고 있으며 “전문인력 지원”은 26.9%로 그 다음 순
◯ 혁신모형 분석 결과에 따르면, 전국 및 권역별로 “혁신전략과 혁신활동 간의 조절효과”, “타 기관 혁신협력”은 서비스기업 혁신성과에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 반면에 정부의 금전적 지원은 권역별로 모두 부정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 분석
- 통계적으로 유의성도 ‘수도권’은 제외한 대부분 지역은 낮은 것으로 분석되었으며, 이는 디지털 전환 기술 도입은 혁신성과에 긍정적 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으나, 통계적으로 유의하지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 실제 혁신성과로 연결되기에는 여전히 한계가 존재하는 것으로 해석
◯ 충북 서비스 R&D 정책 및 지역사례는 ICT·AI·메타버스 등 신기술 융합서비스 실증, 산학연 협업 및 오픈이노베이션, 전주기적 지원체계 강화, 디지털 전환(DX) 및 인력양성 확대, 및 포용적·다양성 기반의 혁신생태계 조성에 역점
■ 정책제언
◯ 종합적인 정책제언으로는 R&D 활동 및 혁신성과 창출 거버넌스 협력체계 구축, 지역 R&D 활성화를 위한 전문 운영기관 기능 확대 및 R&D 예산 확보, 인재양성 및 R&D 역량 강화 등 제시
◯ 또한 서비스산업 6대 업종 부문별로 육성방안 및 정책적 시사점 제시

I. 연구 개요 ············································································································1

1. 연구 배경 및 목적 ··············································································································3

  1) 연구 배경 ·························································································································3

  2) 연구 목적 ·························································································································5

2. 연구 범위 및 방법 ··············································································································6

  1) 연구 범위 ·························································································································6

  2) 연구 방법 ·························································································································7

II. 서비스 R&D 정의 및 국내외 정책 동향 ·························································9

1. 서비스 R&D 정의 ············································································································11

  1) 개념적 정의 ····················································································································11

  2) 산업적 정의 및 분류 ·····································································································12

2. 서비스 R&D 국내외 정책 동향 ·······················································································19

  1) 글로벌 서비스 R&D 정책 동향 ····················································································19

  2) 국내 서비스 R&D 정책 동향 ·······················································································23

3. 주요 시사점 ······················································································································28

Ⅲ. 충북 지역경제·산업 현황 및 서비스산업 여건 분석 ····································31

1. 충북 지역경제 및 산업구조 현황 ····················································································33

  1) 충북 지역경제 현황 ·······································································································33

  2) 충북 산업구조 현황 ·······································································································37

2. 충북 서비스산업 현황 및 여건 분석 ···············································································39

  1) 충북 서비스산업 부문별 현황 ·······················································································39

  2) 충북 서비스산업 여건 분석 ···························································································53

3. 주요 시사점 ······················································································································61

Ⅳ. 충북 서비스기업 혁신조사 및 서비스 R&D 지역사례 분석 ·······················63

1. 충북 서비스기업 혁신조사 ·······························································································65

  1) 서비스기업 혁신조사 개요 ·····························································································65

  2) 서비스기업 혁신조사 결과 ·····························································································71

2. 충북 서비스 R&D 지역사례 분석 ···················································································81

3. 주요 시사점 ······················································································································84

Ⅴ. 정책제언 및 향후과제 ····················································································87

1. 정책제언 ····························································································································89

  1) 종합 ································································································································89

  2) 부문 ································································································································90

2. 향후과제 ····························································································································94

참고문헌 ················································································································95

Abstract ···············································································································96

Table of Contents ····························································································98

충청북도는 전국 평균보다 높은 산림율(65.93%)을 기록하고 있으며, 백두대간이 통과하는 지리적 특성으로 인해 생태적·경제적 잠재력이 매우 높은 지역이다. 그러나 이러한 자원적 우위와는 달리 충북 산촌은 고령화, 인구감소, 부재산주 증가, 정주 여건 악화 등 복합적인 구조적 위기에 처해 있다. 특히 산촌 지역의 연평균 인구 감소율은 –1.76%로 충청북도 전체 평균보다 가파른 하락세를 보이며, 산림을 실질적으로 관리할 수 있는 주민 기반 역시 급격히 약화되고 있다. 사유림의 비율이 전체 산림의 60% 이상을 차지함에도 불구하고, 해당 지역에 실제로 거주하는 산주는 절반에 못 미치는 상황이다. 또한 충북 전체 63개 산림복지시설 중 산촌에 위치한 시설은 절반에 불과하며, 시설 간 연계성이나 지역 주민과의 접근성도 떨어지는 실정이다.
이러한 문제해결을 위해 본 연구는 충북 산림 및 산촌의 현황을 다각도로 분석하고, 국내외 우수 사례를 비교함으로써 정책적 시사점을 도출하였다. 괴산군 산촌활성화 지원센터는 중간지원조직의 역할을 성공적으로 수행하며 귀산촌 유입과 마을경제 회복에 기여하였고, 일본의 카미야마초와 니시아와쿠라손 사례는 외부 인구와의 연결, 지역 자원과 문화의 융합, 그리고 민간협력 기반의 산촌 재생이라는 점에서 주목할 만하다. 이를 바탕으로 지속가능한 충북 산촌을 위한 대응 전략으로는 산림복지 기반 거점 조성, 임산물과 관광을 결합한 6차 산업화, 귀산촌 인구의 유입 및 정착 지원, 유휴공간의 자산화, 주민주도형 공동체 경영 등이 제안된다.
궁극적으로 산촌 활성화는 시설 확충에 그치는 것이 아니라, 산림자원을 중심으로 삶의 공간을 재구성하고 공동체 회복과 경제적 자립을 함께 도모하는 구조 전환이 필요하다. 충청북도는 산림복지와 지역경제, 정주 인프라를 통합하는 모델을 통해 ‘살고 싶은 산촌, 지속가능한 산촌’이라는 비전을 실현할 수 있는 중요한 전환기에 서 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 통합적 정책설계의 방향을 제시함으로써 충북 산촌 대응 전략 수립의 기초자료로 기능할 수 있을 것이다.

Ⅰ. 서론 - 1

1. 연구 배경 및 필요성

2. 연구의 목적 및 의의

3. 연구의 범위 및 방법

4. 선행연구 고찰

Ⅱ. 이론적 고찰 및 정책 동향 - 17

1. 산림복지와 산촌의 개념

2. 관련 정책 검토

3. 산촌 지원 정책

Ⅲ. 충북 산림 이용 및 산촌 현황 - 39

1. 분석 개요

2. 충북 산림 이용 현황

3. 충북 산촌 현황

4. 산촌생태마을 실태조사 결과

5. 귀산촌 실태조사 결과

6. 소결

Ⅳ. 우수 사례 검토 - 97

1. 충청북도 행복마을 사업

2. 괴산군 산촌활성화종합지원센터

3. 카미야마초(神山町)

4. 니시아와쿠라손(西粟倉​村)

5. 종합 시사점

Ⅴ. 지속가능한 충북 산촌 대응 과제 - 125

1. 과제 도출 방향

2. 산촌의 경제적 특성에 따른 유형 구분

3. 현실적인 충북 산촌의 미래 과제

Ⅵ. 결론 및 정책제언 - 139

1. 결론

2. 정책제언

참고문헌 - 145

ABSTRACT - 148

Table of Contents - 150

◯ 지역경제 활성화를 위한 주된 지방자치단체의 재정지출 정책은 지역총생산을 높이고, 지역의 소비를 제고할 수 있는 방향으로 설정되고 있으며, 이를 통해 지역의 경제력을 제고시켜 지역간 경제력 격차 해소에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고자 하고 있음
◯ 이와 관련하여 재정학과 정치경제학 분야에서 재정지출과 경제성장 간의 관계는 두 가지 이론적 접근방식을 바탕으로 오랜 기간 연구되어 왔음
- 재정지출이 경제성장에 중요한 영향을 미치기 때문에 경제성장을 위한 정책수단으로 재정지출을 증가시켜야 한다는 접근방식과 경제성장에 따라 국가의 소득이 증가하면 조세 수입이 증가하게 되고, 이를 통해 재정지출이 늘어나는 관계로 보는 접근방식임
◯ 본 연구는 이상의 논의 중 경제성장에 따라 국가 소득의 증가가 조세 수입을 견인한다는 와그너 법칙에 근거하여 경제성장 관련 외생변수 중 어떠한 요인이 재정지출에 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고, 충청북도의 향후 지역경제 변동에 따라 지방세입이 어떻게 변동하는지를 예측하고자 하였음
◯ 지역경기, 생산, 투자, 수출액, 물가, 금융, 정부재투자 등 7개의 독립변수가 지방세 수입에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보기 위해 8개 도의 횡단면적 자료를 2011년부터 2022년까지 12개년간 시계열 자료로 패널자료를 구축하여 고정효과모형, 확률효과모형 등의 모형검정을 실시하였음
◯ 지방세입 관련 지방세(취득세, 등록면허세, 지방소비세, 지역자원시설세)는 지역경제 요인에 영향을 받는 것으로 분석되었으며, 의존수입인 지방교부세는 제조업생산에 부정적인 영향을 받는 것으로 분석됨
◯ 지방세입의 제고를 위해서 지역경제의 활성화는 선행되어야 할 중요한 과제임을 본 분석결과를 통해 알 수 있었으며, 이를 위한 지방자치단체의 적절한 정책수단의 개발과 활용이 필요하다고 하겠음
- 단, 지방교부세는 지방자치단체가 자체사업을 추진하기 위한 유용한 세원이지만, 지방자치단체가 규모의 경제를 실현하는 과정에서 지방교부세 교부액이 낮아질 수밖에 없는 구조임을 인식할 필요가 있음

Ⅰ. 서론 ····························································································································· 1

1. 연구 배경 및 목적 ················································································································· 3

2. 연구내용 및 방법 ··················································································································· 6

Ⅱ. 이론적 논의 ················································································································ 9

1. 지역경제와 지방세입의 관계 ······························································································· 11

2. 정부간 재정관계 ··················································································································· 16

3. 선행연구 검토 ······················································································································ 20

Ⅲ. 연구설계 ··················································································································· 23

1. 연구모형 ······························································································································· 25

2. 변수의 선정 ·························································································································· 26

3. 분석방법 ······························································································································· 27

Ⅳ. 분석결과 ··················································································································· 29

1. 지방세입 현황 분석 ············································································································· 31

2. 지역경제 현황 분석 ············································································································· 41

3. 연구모형 검정 ······················································································································ 48

4. 정책적 시사점 ······················································································································ 56

Ⅴ. 결론 ·························································································································· 59

참고문헌 ·························································································································· 63

Appendix ······················································································································· 65

1. ABSTRACT ························································································································· 67

UAM 산업은 2025년부터 초기 상용화가 본격화될 것으로 예상되며, 2030년 이후 본격적으로 시장이 성장할 것으로 전망된다. 미국과 유럽을 중심으로 주요국들은 UAM 상용화를 위한 정책과 인프라를 적극적으로 구축하는 동시에 미국의 FAA(연방항공청)와 NASA, 유럽의 EASA(유럽항공안전청)는 관련 법규와 인증 체계를 정비하며 기술 실증을 진행 중에 있다. 국내에서는 국토교통부가 주도하는 K-UAM 로드맵을 통해 2025년 상용화 목표를 세우고 있으며, 현대자동차, 대한항공, 한화시스템 등 주요 기업들이 시장 선점을 위해 기술 개발 및 투자가 이루어지고 있다. 국내에서는 국토교통부가 도심 및 교통 요충지에서 UAM 실증 사업을 추진하고, 서울, 인천, 부산 등 주요 도시에서 시범 운용 구역을 지정하여 실증 프로젝트를 진행하면서 UAM 기술 안정성과 운영 효율성을 검증하고 있다.
본 연구는 충청북도의 UAM(도심항공교통) 산업을 활성화하고 육성하기 위한 전략을 마련하는 것을 목적으로 한다. UAM은 도심 내에서 전기추진 수직이착륙기(eVTOL)를 이용해 승객과 화물을 운송하는 차세대 항공교통체계로, 친환경성과 효율성에서 주목받고 있다. 본 연구는 국내외 UAM 산업 동향을 분석하고, 충북 지역의 UAM 연관산업 현황과 경쟁력 진단을 통해 지역 UAM산업의 맞춤형 육성 전략을 제시하고자 한다.
충청북도는 청주국제공항을 중심으로 항공산업 클러스터를 조성하고 있으며, 드론 산업 및 항공부품 제조업 기반을 갖추고 있다. 이는 UAM 산업 육성에 유리한 요소로 작용할 수 있다. 하지만 충북은 초기 투자와 인프라 측면에서 산업적 유인력을 확보하기 위한 전략적 선택이 요구되며, UAM 서비스 시장 측면에서 충청북도는 수도권이나 주요 광역시와 비교했을 때 시장 규모가 제한적인 약점이 있다. 그러나 대전, 세종, 충남의 하천과 항공인프라와 연계하여 산업적 측면의 새로운 기회를 준비해야 할 것이다.
이를 위해, 본 연구에서는 충청북도는 UAM 산업 육성을 위해 시범항로 및 실증 인프라 구축, 기체 및 핵심부품 개발 역량 확보, 지역형 UAM 서비스 창출, UAM 얼라이언스 구축, 관광 및 물류 연계 서비스 개발 등 측면의 실행전략 마련이 요구된다.

Ⅰ. 연구 개요 ···················································································································· 1

1. 연구 개요 ······························································································································· 3

2. UAM산업 정의 및 범위 ········································································································ 6

3. 산업 범위 ····························································································································· 16

Ⅱ. UAM 산업 동향 ······································································································ 19

1. 세계 UAM산업 시장 전망 ·································································································· 21

2. 세계 주요국 정책 동향 ········································································································ 23

3. 우리나라 정책 방향 ············································································································· 26

4. 주요 기술 동향 ···················································································································· 38

5. 기업 동향 ····························································································································· 43

Ⅲ. 국내 UAM 관련 사업 및 지자체 추진현황 ·························································· 51

1. UAM 시범운용구역 ··········································································································· 53

2. 전국 시‧도별 UAM 산업 육성정책 동향 ········································································· 58

Ⅳ. 충북 UAM산업 경쟁력 진단 ··················································································· 69

1. UAM산업 범위(KSIC) ········································································································· 71

2. 충북 UAM산업 현황 및 특화도 ························································································· 77

Ⅴ. 충북 UAM산업 육성 전략 ······················································································ 85

1. 충북 UAM산업 육성 Frame-Work ·················································································· 87

2. UAM산업 육성 구심점 확보 ······························································································· 88

3. UAM 산업거점 및 초기서비스 육성 ·················································································· 91

Appendix ······················································································································· 95

1. ABSTRACT ························································································································· 97

2. Table of Contents ··········································································································· 

야간관광은 관광지 및 도시 활성화를 위한 중요한 정책수단으로 주목받고 있다. 야간관광은 방문객 유입 및 체재시간을 연장함과 동시에 소비지출을 촉진하여 지역경제 활성화에 도움을 주기 때문이다. 특히, 야간관광은 원도심 지역에도 유용하게 도입되고 있는데, 야간관광을 통해 유휴자원을 관광자원화하고, 지역사회 참여를 유도하는 등 원도심 활성화의 동인으로 작용할 수 있기 때문이다. 본 연구는 충북의 대표적인 원도심으로 꼽히고 있는 도청 주변 지역을 대상으로 야간관광 활성화를 위한 정책방향을 제시하는데 목적을 두고 수행되었다. 연구수행을 위해 원도심 재생과 관광, 야간관광의 개념 등에 대한 이론적 논의를 바탕으로 연구의 틀을 마련하였고, 사례조사와 연구대상지에 대한 여건분석을 실시한 후 정책방향에 대해 논의하였다.
먼저, 원도심 야간관광에 대한 이론적 논의를 통해 다양한 관광적 요소 외에 지역상권 연계, 공실 활용 등에 대한 도시적 부분과의 복합적인 방향도출이 필요하다는 시사점을 도출하였다. 또한, 원도심 야간관광 여건 분석을 위해 일반여건 및 기반시설, 관광자원, 야간관광 콘텐츠 및 프로그램, 인적자원 등의 요소를 도출하여 분석의 틀을 마련하였다. 사례분석에서는 원도심 보유자원의 야간관광 자원화, 상가 공실 활용성 강화, 야간특화 경관 및 콘텐츠 개발 필요성 등의 시사점을 도출하였다. 문헌 및 현장조사를 통한 여건분석에서는 식음시설의 야간운영, 숙박시설 정비 등 수용태세 정비 필요성, 충북도의 중요 정책사업인 당산터널·당산공원·대성로122번길 문화공간 조성 등과의 연계성 강화, 야간관광 활성화를 위한 거버넌스 구축 필요성 등의 시사점을 제시하였다.
연구결과, 원도심 지역 야간관광 활성화를 위해 ‘원도심 야간관광 콘텐츠 개발’, ‘원도심 특화 야간관광 홍보·마케팅’, ‘야간관광 활성화 기반 조성’의 세 가지 방향을 제시하였다. 세부적으로는, 원도심 야간관광 콘텐츠 개발과 관련하여 성안길 공실 상가를 활용한 매력공간 조성, 야간축제 및 이벤트 개발, 무심천 연계 야간관광 프로그램 도입 방안 등에 대해 논의하였으며, 원도심 특화 야간관광 홍보·마케팅 방안으로 야간관광 브랜드 개발, 시장별·타깃별 홍보·마케팅 실시, 구전마케팅 강화 방안 등을 제시하였다. 또한, 야간관광 활성화 기반 조성을 위해 야간관광 관련 제도적 근거 마련, 야간경관 조성, 야간관광 수용태세 구축 등의 방안에 대해 논의하였다. 도출된 원도심 활성화 방향은 단기사업과 중장기 사업으로 구분하여 제시하였다.
마지막으로, 도청 주변 원도심 지역을 대상으로 이원화 되어 있는 충청북도와 청주시의 행·재정적 요소들의 협력적 추진을 위해 민관이 참여하는 ‘가칭. 청주 원도심 활성화 행정협의체’ 운영방안에 대해 제언하였다. 또한, 본 연구에서 수행하지 못한 관계자 대상 설문조사 및 면접조사 등을 활용한 심도 있는 후속연구 필요성에 대해 논의하였다.

Ⅰ. 서론 ····························································································································· 1

1. 연구 배경과 목적 ··················································································································· 3

2. 연구의 범위 ···························································································································· 4

Ⅱ. 원도심 야간관광에 대한 이론적 논의 ······································································· 7

1. 원도심 재생과 관광 ··············································································································· 9

2. 야간관광에 대한 개념과 유형 ····························································································· 17

3. 야간관광 정책동향 ··············································································································· 23

4. 야간관광 방문객 실태 ·········································································································· 31

Ⅲ. 야간관광 관련 사례 ································································································· 39

1. 국내사례 ······························································································································· 41

2. 해외사례 ······························································································································· 57

Ⅳ. 도청 주변 원도심 야간관광 여건 및 현황 ······························································ 65

1. 분석의 틀(frame) 설정 ······································································································· 67

2. 야간관광 여건 분석 ············································································································· 68

Ⅴ. 도청 주변 원도심 야간관광 활성화 방향 ······························································ 97

1. 기본방향 ····························································································································· 99

2. 원도심 지역 야간관광 활성화 방향(안) ············································································ 101

3. 정책제언 및 연구의 한계점 ······························································································ 106

참고문헌 ························································································································ 109

Appendix ····················································································································· 111

1. ABSTRACT ······················································································································· 113

학령 인구의 감소, 사회·경제적 인프라의 수도권 집중으로 우수한 지역인재가 수도권으로 유출하는 등 인구 및 사회구조 급변화에 따라 지역과 지역 내 대학의 공동 위기가 발생하고 있는 상황이다.
특히, 경제력의 수도권 집중은 지역 인재의 수도권으로의 이동, 남아있는 인재의 이동을 유인하여 지역의 인적자원 배분의 불균형이 지속되도록 하여 결국에는 지방소멸로 이어질 수 있다.
본 연구는 지역대학과 지역경제의 불확실성이 확대되는 현 상황에서 그동안 분석이 이루어지지 않았던 대학에 대한 현황을 분석하여 대학지원정책의 가이드라인으로 활용 할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다.
우선 충북지역 대학의 현황을 살펴보면 `23년 기준 충북지역에는 일반대·교육대·전문대 기준 18개 학교가 위치(각종대학, 기능대학 제외)하고 있으며, 이권역별로 살펴보면 청주권에 8개교가 집중되어 있다.
입학정원의 경우 `23년 현재 19,878명으로 `13년 이후 연평균 2.5%씩 감소한 것으로 나타났으며, 재적학생의 경우 `23년 현재 101,131명으로 `13년 이후 연평균 2.6%씩 감소한 것으로 나타났다.
그리고 한국교육개발원 자료를 활용하여 충북 소재 대학 졸업자의 지역 내 취업 비중을 분석한 결과 `22년 기준 27.0%로 19년 대비 0.6%p 감소하였다,
또한, 미래산업과 연계하여 대학이 지역이 어느정도 기여하고 있는지를 지역과학기술혁신역량지수로 살펴보면 `23년 기준 충북의 지역과학기술혁신역량은 7.201점으로 17개 시·도 중 7위로 전년대비 3단계 상승하였으나 대학과 밀접한 관련이 있는 기업간/정부간 협력 비중, 지식창출 등은 17개 시·도 중 하위권으로 나타났다.
지역과 대학이 함께 성장하기 위한 지산학 연계 활성화 방안을 제시하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 협업의 진화가 필요하다. 둘째, 지역의 인구, 산업, 현안 등의 구조적 특성과 대학의 특성화방향의 전략적 분석과 연계가 필요하다. 셋째, 지산학협력에 대한 명확한 목적의식과 성과평가가 이루어져야 한다. 넷째, 지산학협력을 통해 배출되고 활용된 인재들이 지역에 정주할 수 있도록하는 환경조성이 필요하다. 마지막으로 RISE사업을 추진함에 있어 지역-대학의 적합성, 지속성, 역동성, 연계성을 고려해야하며, 지역산업 수요에 대응하는 산업적인 측면뿐만이 아니라 지역현안 수요에 대응하는 공간적인 측면까지 고려하는 Two-Track 전략이 수반되어야 할 것이다. 또한 충북 RISE만의 차별화된 지역 맞춤형 접근을 시도하되 중앙부처의 관련 정책 및 사업도 적극적으로 흡수할 수 있도록 하는 연계전략 또한 필요할 것이다.

Ⅰ. 서론 ····························································································································· 1

1. 연구배경과 목적 ····················································································································· 3

2. 연구내용 및 방법 ··················································································································· 5

Ⅱ. 선행연구 검토 및 정책동향 ······················································································· 7

1. 선행연구 검토 ························································································································ 9

2. 정책동향 ······························································································································· 12

3. 주요 대학재정지원사업 ········································································································ 16

Ⅲ. 충북지역 대학 여건 및 현황 ··················································································· 23

1. 전국 대비 충북지역 대학 경쟁력 ························································································ 25

2. 충북지역 내 대학 여건 변화 ······························································································· 32

3. 충북지역 대학별 주요 현황 ································································································· 38

Ⅳ. 지역-대학 연계성 검토 ···························································································· 41

1. 충북 소재 대학 졸업자의 지역 내 취업 현황 ···································································· 43

2. 충북 주력산업 인력수급 추정 ··························································································· 46

3. 대학의 지역기여와 혁신기관과의 연계성 ············································································ 51

Ⅴ. 지산학 활성화 방안 ································································································· 55

참고문헌 ·························································································································· 59

Appendix ······················································································································· 61

1. ABSTRACT ························································································································· 63

2. Table of Contents ··········································································································· 65

최근 지방정부는 저출생·고령화로 인한 인구감소, 전지구적인 기후환경의 변화로 인해 역량을 강화하기 위한 다양한 방안을 강구하고 있다. 본 연구는 지방정부의 자치역량이 무엇이며, 어떻게 자치역량을 강화시켜 행정책임성을 확보해 나갈 수 있는 방안을 도출하기 위한 목적을 가지고 있다.
첫째, 지방자치단체가 항상 우선적으로 수행해야 할 역량 강화를 위한 노력이 필요하다. 지방자치단체는 공무원의 성과를 높이기 위해서는 시민사회단체, 언론매체 등 다양한 이해관계자들의 통제가 이루어져야 한다.
둘째, 전문직위제는 해당분야의 전문성이 요구되는 직위를 중심으로 정원의 10% 범위가 되도록 전문직위 선정하도록 설계하는 것이 바람직할 것이다. 전문직위제의 확대는 한 분야의 전문성을 제고할 뿐만 아니라 자치단체의 역량 강화에 기여할 수 있기 때문이다.
셋째, 「공공감사에 관한 법률」 제1조에 “중앙행정기관, 지방자치단체 및 공공기관의 자체감사기구의 구성 및 운영 등에 관한 기본적인 사항과 효율적인 감사체계의 확립에 필요한 사항을 정하기 위함”을 명시하고 있다. 충청북도는 공공부문의 책임성 확보와 성과를 높이고, 이용자가 올바른 판단을 할 수 있도록 지원하기 위해 합의제 감사위원회를 설치·운영할 필요성이 있다.
넷째, 지방정부공무원들은 문제해결 역량이다. 문제해결 역량은 즉각적이고 명확한 해결방안이 도출되지 않은 문제의 상황을 이해하고 해결하기 위해 지속적인 노력을 하는 개인의 역량 개발이 필요하다.
다섯째, 지방자치제는 견제와 균형의 원리를 위해 지방의회의 역량가 필요하기 때문이다. 현재 지방의회 정책지원관은 의정활동을 지원하기 위해 ‘의원 1인당 1명의 정책보좌관’를 도입해야 한다.
여섯째, 4차 산업혁명, ChartGPT 등 생성형 AI활성화로 인한 디지털시대에 공무원들은 디지털 역량을 필수적으로 갖출 필요가 있다. 이를 위해 충청북도 자치연수원은 기존과 다른 새로운 교육훈련 방법으로 공무원 디지털 역량을 지속적으로 강화할 필요성이 있다.
그러므로 지방정부는 다양한 문제해결을 위한 공공부문 인적자원이 갖추어야 할 역량과 자질은 무엇인지 그러한 역량을 미래세대는 어떻게 준비하고 길러 나갈 수 있을 것인가를 고민할 필요가 있다.

Ⅰ. 서론 ····························································································································· 1

1. 연구배경과 연구목적 ·············································································································· 3

2. 연구범위 및 연구방법 ············································································································ 5

Ⅱ. 지방정부의 자치역량에 관한 이론적 논의 ································································ 7

1. 자치역량의 일반적 이론 ········································································································ 9

2. 지방정부의 역량 강화의 필요성과 유형 ············································································· 15

Ⅲ. 지방정부의 자치역량 실태분석 ················································································ 29

1. 행정구조적 인적역량분석 ····································································································· 31

2. 지방정부의 자치역량을 제약하는 제도적 문제점 ······························································· 55

Ⅳ. 지방정부의 역량 강화를 위한 책임성 확보 방안 ··················································· 63

1. 지방정부의 책임성 확보 방안 ····························································································· 65

2. 외부기관에 의한 책임성 확보 방안 ···················································································· 75

3. 교육기관에 의한 책임성 확보 방안 ···················································································· 78

Ⅴ. 결론 ·························································································································· 81

1. 결론 ······································································································································ 83

2. 정책제언 ······························································································································· 85

참고문헌 ·························································································································· 87

Appendix ······················································································································· 91

1. ABSTRACT ························································································································· 93

2. Table of Contents ··········································································································· 95

◯ 남부 3군의 보은 옥천 영동은 비옥한 토양으로 선사시대부터 사람이 정착해 살아왔고, 산업화 직전까지만 해도 인구 10만 내외를 유지하며 자족적 문화를 일궈온 곳임. 또한 삼한시대에는 마한의 중심 지역으로, 삼국시대에는 삼남을 연결하는 군사·교통의 요충지로 특히 백제와 신라의 접경지대로 치열한 전쟁터가 되기도 했음. 지역의 고유한 이야기 찾기가 중요해진 지금, 남부 3군은 원소스멀티유즈로서의 문화콘텐츠 원형이 풍부하게 잠재된 곳이라 할 수 있음.
◯ 이에 본 연구에서는 이 지역의 문화유산, 역사·문화·인물, 전설, 영상·영화 등의 미디어 자원 등, 역사·문화자원의 현황과 새로운 자료 발굴을 통해 그 특징을 살폈으며, 각각이 어떻게 유무형의 문화콘텐츠로 활용 가능한지 그 방향성을 모색해 보았음.
◯ 역사문화자원 중에서는 우선 현재 활용이 가능한 것으로 사찰, 산성, 고택(고가)에 대해, 인물자원으로는 보은에서는 김정, 어윤중, 옥천에서는 김옥균의 아내 유씨 부인을 비롯하여 정순철, 육정수, 박승무, 영동에서는 김수온과 신미대사 형제, 권구현 등에 주목했음. 전설과 관련하여 세 지역 모두 접경지대로 축성 전설, 백제와 신라 간의 전쟁을 배경으로 한 전설이 많다는 사실을 확인했고, 이 지역에서 벌어진 역사적 사건으로는 옥천의 관산성 전투와 영동의 양산 전투를 주목할 수 있었음. 역사와 전설의 유기적인 결합을 통해 다양한 스토리텔링이 가능하고 이를 기반으로 한 문화콘텐츠 기획의 가능성을 살펴봄. 1935년 김태준에 의해 채집된, 양산 전투에서 파생된 고대가요 <양산가>를 발굴하여 보고, 국악 도시 영동의 정체성 수립에 도움이 되고자 했음. 또한 남군 3군은 훼손되지 않은 자연과 살아 있는 농촌 풍경, 수도권에서의 접근성 등으로 영화와 드라마의 최적 촬영지로서 각광받고 있음. 3군이 협력하여 팸투어 등을 실시하고, 콘텐츠투어리즘 등의 좀 더 적극적인 활용 방안에 대해서도 고민해 보았음.
◯ 향후 지역의 풍부한 역사문화자원을 좀 더 체계적으로 발굴·정리하는 일, 이러한 자원을 지역민과 함께 공유하면서 지역의 자부심, 소속감과 공동체성에 기여하도록 하는 일이 중요하며, 무엇보다 이러한 지역의 문화원형과 콘텐츠 산업과의 적극적인 연계에 정책적 노력을 기울일 필요가 있음.

Ⅰ. 서론 ····························································································································· 1

1. 연구 배경과 목적 ··················································································································· 3

2. 연구 범위와 방법 ··················································································································· 7

3. 연구사 검토 및 연구 기대효과 ····························································································· 8

II. 역사문화자원과 문화콘텐츠 ······················································································· 11

1. 역사문화자원 ························································································································ 13

2. 문화콘텐츠 ···························································································································· 13

3. 충북의 문화콘텐츠산업 ········································································································ 15

Ⅲ. 충북 남부지역 역사문화자원의 현황과 성격 ··························································· 19

1. 남부지역의 인구 특성 ········································································································ 21

2. 문화유산 ······························································································································· 25

3. 역사문화 인물 ······················································································································ 53

4. 전설 ······································································································································ 59

5. 남부권을 배경으로 한 영화·드라마 ···················································································· 70

Ⅳ. 역사문화자원의 콘텐츠로서의 활용 ········································································· 77

1. 문화유산의 활용 ··················································································································· 79

2. 인물의 활용 ·························································································································· 86

3. 역사적 사건의 활용 ··········································································································· 107

4. 전설의 활용 ······················································································································· 118

5. 영화·드라마의 활용 ··········································································································· 120

Ⅴ. 결론 ························································································································ 123

1. 문화유산 ····························································································································· 125

2. 역사 문화 인물 ·················································································································· 127

3. 역사적 사건 ······················································································································· 128

4. 전설 ···································································································································· 129

5. 기타 주요 문화자원 ··········································································································· 130

참고문헌 ························································································································ 131

Appendix ······················································································································ 133

1. ABSTRACT ······················································································································· 135

기후 변화, 물부족 등으로 인해 물관리가 부각되고, 물관리기본법에 따라 지방자치단체는 지역 특성에 맞는 물관리계획을 수립해야 함
본 연구는 향후 충북 지역 물관리계획 수립을 위한 기초 연구로서 물관련 DB의 분석을 통한 충북의 물관리 현황, 물취약지역 선정 및 관리방향을 제시하고자 함
현재 충북의 수질, 수생태계, 1인 급수량 및 사용량은 양호한 수준이나, 상수도 보급률, 하수도 보급률, 지하수 이용률, 재해위험지구 개소수는 전국 대비 취약한 수준임
물취약지역을 선정하기 위해 물환경, 물이용, 물재해에 대한 분야별 세부평가항목을 선정하고 충북 전체 평균값을 기준으로 취약정도를 정량화하였음
이를 통해 물취약 분야와 지역을 도출하였고, 통합물관리 관점에서는 11개 시·군 중 음성군이 가장 취약한 것으로 평가되었음
- 분야별 평가결과, 물환경 분야는 음성군, 물이용 분야는 괴산군, 물재해 분야는 충주시, 제천시, 옥천군, 음성군, 단양군
- 시·군별 평가결과, 진천군, 음성군은 물환경 분야, 청주시, 보은군, 영동군, 증평군, 괴산군은 물이용 분야, 충주시, 제천시, 옥천군, 단양군은 물재해 분야
물취약지역의 물관리를 개선하기 위해서는 시·군별 취약 분야 및 세부항목에 따라 지방측정망 확충, 수생태계 건강성 회복, 처리구역 확대, 취약계층 맞춤형 지원, 하천정비사업, 배수 개선 사업, 거버넌스 체계 및 역할 강화 등 우선사업 추진이 필요함
본 연구결과는 임의적으로 평가항목, 평가기준, 평가방법을 선정하고 정량화하여 물취약지역을 선정한 결과이므로 상대적이라는 한계가 있으며, 향후 충북 특성과 여건을 반영한 DB, 점수화의 타당성 등에 대한 추가적인 연구가 검토되어야 함

Ⅰ. 연구 개요 ····················································································································1

1. 연구 배경과 목적 ···················································································································3

2. 연구 내용 및 방법 ·················································································································4

3. 선행연구와의 차별성 ··············································································································6

Ⅱ. 관련 법규 및 현황 ·····································································································9

1. 관련 법규 및 계획 ···············································································································11

2. 타 시․도 현황 ·······················································································································16

Ⅲ. 충북의 물환경 현황 ·································································································21

1. 자료 이용 및 분석 ···············································································································23

2. 물환경 현황 ··························································································································24

3. 물이용 현황 ··························································································································46

4. 물재해 현황 ··························································································································58

5. 전국 대비 충북의 물환경 현황 ···························································································64

Ⅳ. 물취약지역 선정 ·······································································································67

1. 평가 항목 ·····························································································································69

2. 평가 방법 ·····························································································································70

3. 평가기준 및 결과 ·················································································································74

4. 물취약지역 선정 ···················································································································86

Ⅴ. 결론 및 정책 제언 ···································································································97

참고문헌 ························································································································105

Appendix ·····················································································································107

1. ABSTRACT ·······················································································································109